01. Kamaʻāina i ke ala kaʻahele
"Pono e hoʻomaopopo i ke ala kaʻa moana."No ka laʻana, i nā awa ʻEulopa, ʻoiai ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻoihana moku ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā awa kumu a me nā awa kumu ʻole, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa o nā uku ukana ma ka liʻiliʻi ma waena o 100-200 US kālā.Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa ka mahele o nā ʻoihana moku.ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ka mahele o nā ʻoihana like ʻole hiki ke loaʻa ka uku ukana o ke awa kumu ma ke koho ʻana i kahi ʻoihana kaʻa.
No kekahi laʻana, ʻelua mau ʻano kaʻa no nā awa ma ke kahakai hikina o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa: ke ala wai piha a me ke alahaka ʻāina, a ʻo ke kumu kūʻai ma waena o lāua he mau haneli kālā.Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻokō i ka papa kuhikuhi hoʻouna, hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i ka hui hoʻouna no ke ala wai piha.
02. E hoʻolālā pono i ka huakaʻi hele mua
He ʻokoʻa nā kumukūʻai no ka poʻe nona ka ukana ma ka ʻāina nui e koho i nā ʻano kaʻa kaʻa ʻokoʻa i uka."Ma ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻo ke kumukūʻai o ke kaʻa kaʻaahi ka mea liʻiliʻi loa, akā paʻakikī nā kaʻina hana no ka lawe ʻana a me ke kiʻi ʻana, a kūpono ia no nā kauoha me ka nui a me ka manawa hoʻopuka pōkole. ʻO ka lawe kaʻa kaʻa ka maʻalahi, wikiwiki ka manawa. a ua ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi o ke kumukūʻai ma mua o ka lawe kaʻaahi.""ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa ʻo ka hoʻouka pololei ʻana i ka ipu i loko o ka hale hana a hale kūʻai paha, kūpono wale ia no kēlā mau mea palupalu i kūpono ʻole no ka hoʻouka ʻana a me ka wehe ʻana.
Ma lalo o ke kūlana FOB, pili pū ia i ka hoʻonohonoho kaʻa wāwae mua ma mua o ka hoʻouna ʻana.Nui nā poʻe i loaʻa i kahi ʻike maikaʻi ʻole: ma lalo o nā huaʻōlelo FOB, huikau loa nā uku hoʻouna mua a ʻaʻohe kānāwai.No ka mea ʻo ia ka hui moku i koho ʻia e ka mea kūʻai aku no ka huakaʻi ʻelua, ʻaʻohe koho o ka consignor.
He ʻokoʻa ka wehewehe ʻana o nā hui moku moku no kēia.Pono kekahi i ka mea nāna e uku i nā lilo a pau ma mua o ka hoʻouna ʻana: uku hoʻopaʻa ukana, uku hoʻopaʻa, uku trailer;pono kekahi e uku i ka uku kaʻaahi mai ka hale kūʻai a hiki i ka uapo;koi kekahi i nā uku hoʻolimalima ʻē aʻe ma ka uku trailer e like me ka wahi o ka hale kūʻai..ʻOi aku kēia uku ma mua o ka waihona kālā no nā kumukūʻai ukana i ka wā e ʻōlelo ai i kēlā manawa.
ʻO ka hopena e hōʻoia me ka mea kūʻai aku i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kumukūʻai o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua ma lalo o nā huaʻōlelo FOB.E koi pinepine ka mea lawe moku i ka pau ʻana o ke kuleana no ka lawe ʻana i nā waiwai i ka hale kūʻai.ʻO ka uku huki mai ka hale kūʻai a hiki i ke kikowaena, ka uku terminal, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ua komo pū ʻia i loko o ka ukana kai o ka huakaʻi ʻelua a uku ʻia e ka mea lawe.
No laila, ʻo ka mea mua, i ka wā e kūkākūkā ai i ke kauoha, e hoʻāʻo e hana i kahi kuʻikahi ma nā huaʻōlelo CIF, i mea i loko o kou mau lima ponoʻī ka manaʻo o ka hoʻonohonoho hoʻonohonoho;ʻO ka lua, inā ʻoiaʻiʻo ka ʻaelike ma nā ʻōlelo FOB, e hoʻopili ʻo ia i ka hui lawe kaʻa i koho ʻia e ka mea kūʻai aku ma mua, E hōʻoia i nā koina āpau ma ke kākau ʻana.ʻO ke kumu o kēia, ʻo ia ka mea mua e pale aku i ka ʻoihana lawe kaʻa mai ka uku hou aku ma hope o ka hoʻouna ʻia ʻana o nā ukana;ʻO ka lua, inā he mea ʻino loa i waena, e kūkākūkā hou ʻo ia me ka mea kūʻai aku a noi aku e hoʻololi i ka ʻoihana kaʻa a noi paha i ka mea kūʻai aku e lawe i kekahi papahana uku.
03. E hui maikaʻi me ka hui lawe kaʻa
Mālama ka ukana i ka ukana, a he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i ke kaʻina hana o ka ʻoihana lawe.Inā hoʻonohonoho lākou e like me nā koi o ka mea hoʻouna, hana like nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua, ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama wale i kekahi mau hoʻolimalima pono ʻole, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke hana i nā ukana i ka wā hiki.No laila, he aha nā mea e pili ana i kēia mau koi?
ʻO ka mea mua, manaʻolana ʻia e hiki i ka consignor ke hoʻopaʻa i ka wahi ma mua a hoʻomākaukau i nā waiwai i ka manawa.Mai wikiwiki e kau i kahi kauoha i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā ma mua o ka lā ʻoki ʻia o ka papa hoʻouna, a e haʻi aku i ka ʻoihana lawe kaʻa ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i nā ukana i ka hale kūʻai a i ʻole ke kau ʻana iā ʻoe iho.ʻIke nā mea hoʻouna maʻalahi i kā lākou mau kaʻina hana a ʻaʻole maʻamau.Ua hoʻolauna ʻo ia ʻo ka papa kuhikuhi holoʻokoʻa i hoʻokahi pule i ka pule, a pono ka mea nona ka ukana e kākau mua i ka wahi a komo i loko o ka hale kūʻai e like me ka manawa i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka hui lawe.ʻAʻole maikaʻi ke hāʻawi ʻana i nā ukana i ke kakahiaka nui a i ʻole lohi.No ka mea, ʻaʻole i kūpono ka lā ʻoki o ka moku i hala, inā e hoʻopanee ʻia i ka moku e hiki mai ana, e uku ʻia ka uku mālama.
ʻO ka lua, inā maʻalahi ka ʻōlelo kuʻuna a i ʻole ʻaʻole pili pono i ke kumu kūʻai.ʻIke ʻia kēia ma ke awa ʻo Shenzhen.No ka laʻana, inā e hoʻouna ʻia nā waiwai i Hong Kong ma o ke awa ʻāina e like me Man Kam To a i ʻole Huanggang Port e hopu i ka papa hoʻouna ʻelua, inā ʻaʻole i hala ka ʻae ʻana o ka dute i ka lā o ka ʻōlelo kuʻuna, ʻo ka hui huki kaʻa wale nō. uku 3,000 Hong Kong dala.Inā ʻo ka trailer ka lā palena no ka hopu ʻana i ka moku ʻelua mai Hong Kong, a inā ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokō i ka papa hoʻouna ma muli o ka lohi o ka hoʻolaha dute, a laila e nui loa ka uku hoʻopaʻa ʻana ma ke kahua ʻo Hong Kong inā ʻo ia. hoʻouna ʻia i ka uapo i ka lā aʻe e hopu i ka moku hou.helu.
ʻO ke kolu, pono e hoʻololi ʻia nā palapala hoʻolaha kuʻuna ma hope o ka loli maoli ʻana o ke kūlana packing.Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kuʻuna kahi nānā maʻamau o nā waiwai.Inā ʻike ka dute ʻaʻole i kūlike ka nui maoli me ka nui i haʻi ʻia, e paʻa ia i nā waiwai no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.ʻAʻole wale nō e loaʻa nā uku nānā a me nā uku mālama dock, akā ʻo nā uku i kau ʻia e ka dute e kaumaha maoli ʻoe no ka manawa lōʻihi.
04. E koho pololei i ka hui moku a me ka mea lawe ukana
I kēia manawa, ua pae aku nā hui moku kaulana a pau o ka honua i Kina, a aia nā keʻena nui o nā awa nui.ʻOiaʻiʻo, he nui nā pōmaikaʻi i ka hana ʻana i ka ʻoihana me kēia mau mea moku: ikaika ko lākou ikaika, maikaʻi loa kā lākou lawelawe, a ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia kā lākou hana. loaʻa paha i kekahi mau moku moku nui a i ʻole nā mea lawe ukana
No ka poe nona ka ukana li'ili'i a li'ili'i, he pipi'i loa ke kumu kū'ai o nā mea moku nui.ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻōlelo no ka mea lawe ukana liʻiliʻi loa, paʻakikī ke hōʻoia i ka lawelawe no ka lawa ʻole o ka ikaika.Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole nui nā keʻena ma ka ʻāina nui o ka hui moku nui, no laila ua koho ʻo ia i kekahi mau mea lawe ukana liʻiliʻi.ʻO ka mea mua, kūpono ke kumukūʻai, a ʻo ka lua, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hui ʻana ma hope o ka hui lōʻihi.
Ma hope o ka launa pū ʻana me kēia mau mea hoʻouna ma waena no ka manawa lōʻihi, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka ukana haʻahaʻa loa.E hōʻike maoli ana kekahi poʻe ukana ukana i ke kumu kūʻai kumu, me ka loaʻa kālā liʻiliʻi, e like me ke kumukūʻai kūʻai aku i ka mea hoʻouna.Ma ka mākeke moku, loaʻa i nā hui moku ʻokoʻa a i ʻole nā mea lawe ukana i kā lākou pono ponoʻī ma nā ala like ʻole.E ʻimi i kahi hui i loaʻa ka pōmaikaʻi i ka hana ʻana i kekahi ala, ʻaʻole wale e kokoke mai ka papa hoʻouna, akā ʻo kā lākou uku ukana ka mea maʻamau ma ka mākeke.
No laila, manaʻo ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale ʻoe e like me kāu mākeke kūʻai aku.Eia kekahi laʻana, hāʻawiʻia nā waiwai i laweʻia iʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia i kahi hui, aʻo nā waiwai i laweʻia iʻEulopa e hāʻawiʻia i kekahi hui.No ka hana ʻana i kēia, pono ʻoe e ʻike i ka mākeke hoʻouna.
05. E aʻo e kūʻai aku me nā hui moku
ʻAʻole pili i ka manaʻo i hōʻike ʻia e ka hui moku a i ʻole nā limahana ʻoihana o ka mea lawe ukana i ka wā e noi ana i nā ukana ʻo ia wale nō ka uku ukana kiʻekiʻe loa o ka hui, ʻo ka nui o ka uku e hiki ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ma ka uku ukana e pili ana i kou hiki ke kūʻai aku.
ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ma mua o ka ʻae ʻana i ka uku ukana o kahi hui, hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau me kekahi mau hui e hoʻomaopopo i nā kūlana mākeke kumu.ʻO ke kumukūʻai hiki ke loaʻa mai ka mea lawe ukana ma kahi o 50 mau kālā US.Mai ka palapala hoʻoili ukana i hoʻopuka ʻia e ka mea lawe ukana, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ka hui āna i hoʻoholo hope ai.I ka manawa aʻe, e ʻike pololei ʻo ia i kēlā hui a loaʻa ka uku ukana pololei.
ʻO nā mākau o ke kūʻai aku ʻana me ka ʻoihana moku e komo pū ana:
1. Inā he mea kūʻai nui ʻoe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopaʻa inoa pololei i kahi ʻaelike me ia a noi aku i nā uku ukana koho.
2. E ʻike i nā uku ukana ʻokoʻa i loaʻa ma ka haʻi ʻana i nā inoa ukana like ʻole.ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻoihana hoʻouna e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ukana.Hiki i kekahi mau waiwai ke loaʻa nā ʻano hoʻohālikelike like ʻole.No ka laʻana, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ka waikawa citric ma ke ʻano he meaʻai, no ka mea, he mea maka no ka hana ʻana i nā mea inu, a hiki ke hōʻike ʻia hoʻi ma ke ʻano he mea kemika.ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o ka ukana ma waena o kēia mau ʻano waiwai ʻelua hiki ke hiki i ka 200 US kālā.
3. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e wikiwiki, hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i ka moku lohi a i ʻole ka moku pololei ʻole.ʻOiaʻiʻo, pono kēia ma lalo o ka manaʻo o ka pili ʻole i ka hōʻea ʻana i ka manawa.Ke hoʻololi nei ke kumukūʻai ukana ma ka mākeke kaʻa kai i kēlā me kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi ʻike e pili ana iā ʻoe iho.He kakaikahi na kanaka kuai e lawe i ka manao e hai aku ia oe i ka hoemi ukana.ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole lākou e nele i ka haʻi ʻana iā ʻoe i ka wā e piʻi ai ke kumukūʻai hoʻouna.Eia kekahi, ma waena o nā limahana ʻoihana āu i kamaʻāina ai, pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe i ka "familiarity" o ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā uku ukana.
06. Ka mākaukau no ka lawelawe ʻana i nā waiwai LCL
ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ke kaʻina hana o ka LCL ma mua o ka FCL, a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ukana.Nui nā hui moku e hana ana i ka FCL, a e ʻike ʻia ke kumukūʻai ma ka mākeke moku.ʻOiaʻiʻo, loaʻa iā LCL ke kumu kūʻai makeke ākea, akā ʻokoʻa nā uku hou o nā ʻoihana kaʻa like ʻole, no laila ʻo ke kumukūʻai ukana ma ka papa inoa o nā kumukūʻai o ka hui kaʻa e lilo wale i ʻāpana o ka uku hope.
ʻO ka mea pololei, ʻo ka mea mua, e hōʻoia i nā mea a pau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ke kākau ʻana e ʻike inā he kumukūʻai puʻupuʻu kā lākou ʻōlelo, i mea e pale ai i ka lawe ʻana i ka hana ma hope.ʻO ka lua, ʻo ia ka helu ʻana i ke kaumaha a me ka nui o ka waiwai i mea e pale aku ai iā lākou mai ka hana ʻino ʻana.
ʻOiai ke hāʻawi aku nei kekahi mau ʻoihana kaʻa i nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa, hoʻonui pinepine lākou i ke kumu kūʻai ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kaumaha a i ʻole ka nui.ʻO ke kolu, ʻo ia ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi ʻoihana loea i ka LCL.ʻO kēia ʻano ʻoihana e hōʻuluʻulu pololei i nā ipu, a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka ukana a me nā uku hoʻopiʻi a lākou e kau nei ma mua o nā ʻoihana waena.
ʻAʻohe mea i kēlā me kēia manawa, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka loaʻa ʻana o kēlā me kēia peni.Manaʻo wau e hiki i nā mea a pau ke mālama hou aku i ka halihali a hoʻonui i ka loaʻa kālā.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jun-07-2023
